Common Law – The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States. It is based on court decisions and not on laws adopted by the legislator. For this reason, complaints against international organizations such as the United Nations or the World Bank must have been received within the framework of the internal complaint procedures of these organizations. Sentence – Guilty verdict against an accused. Legal action may also be brought against a State if it is not directly or indirectly responsible for an act or omission, but if it has provided assistance to another State or to a private actor in committing an act. Such assistance may include logistical, military or financial support. Defendant – In a civil action, the person has complained against him; in criminal proceedings, the person accused of the offence. In some cases, it is possible to take legal action against the abstract concept of the state as a whole (e.g. the state of India).
A person with a “legal disability” can generally only sue through a legal representative such as a parent, guardian, trustee or executor. Non-insolvency proceedings in which an applicant or creditor attempts to make a debtor`s future salary dependent on its claim. In other words, the creditor seeks to have part of the debtor`s future salary paid to the creditor for a debt owed to the creditor. A civil injustice, not a criminal one. A negligent or intentional breach of a person or property, with the exception of breach of contract. The legal system, which originated in England and is now used in the United States, is based on the articulation of legal principles in a historical sequence of court decisions. The principles of the common law may be amended by legislation. When suing someone, take legal action against that person using their legal name and all pseudonyms. You will also need that person`s address. Often, it`s easy to get this information if you don`t already have it by looking at any documentation you may have about the dispute. But sometimes this information is not easily accessible to you. Here are some ways to find someone.
Example: Trial of BHP Billiton & Vale (Brazil) In Brazil, prosecutors have filed murder charges against senior executives of BHP Billiton, a mining giant, for the collapse of one of its dams that destroyed communities and killed 19 people. All financial interests of the debtor at the time of filing the application for insolvency. The estate technically becomes the temporary rightful owner of all the debtor`s assets. A bailiff of a district court who conducts a first trial in criminal cases, decides on criminal cases, conducts many pre-trial civil and criminal cases on behalf of district judges and decides on civil cases with the consent of the parties. With regard to civil actions in “justice” and not in “law”. In English legal history, courts could order the payment of damages and could not afford any other remedy (see Damages). A separate “justice” court might ask someone to do something or stop doing something (e.g., injunction). In U.S. jurisprudence, federal courts have both legal and just power, but the distinction is still important. For example, a jury trial is usually available in “legal cases,” but not in “equity cases.” Pre-trial detention – When an appellate court refers a case to a lower court for a new hearing.
The lower court is often asked to do something else, but that doesn`t always mean that the court`s final decision changes – a protocol that includes brief entries into court cases. If a government agency is obliged to take a certain measure and does not take that action, legal action may be taken against: bail – guarantee for the release of an accused or witness from lawful detention (usually in the form of money) to ensure his appearance on the day and time fixed. A protocol that contains the complete history of each case in the form of short chronological entries that summarize the legal proceedings. Example: IFC lawsuit (UNITED States) Indian farmers are currently suing IFC, an international financial institution, in U.S. courts for their investment in a coal mine that caused serious environmental damage to their country. Nicaragua has brought a case before the International Court of Justice in which it complained about the involvement of the United States during its civil war. She argued that the United States was responsible for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed by a paramilitary group called “Contras” because it controlled the group. When you sue a company, you file a complaint against the company under its legal name. A corporation is a separate legal entity. If there is a government policy or law that has infringed on you or affected your rights, you can take legal action against: A “stakeholder” means anyone who has an interest or affiliation with a company. You could potentially bring an action against one of the following “stakeholders” of a business: In addition to the person or company directly responsible for the damage, you may be able to take legal action against any person or company that is an ancillary representative or agent.
These reasons are different. Two common examples would be “incompetence,” that is, the particular court cannot hear that particular case, and “failure to provide a plea,” meaning that even if all of the facts alleged by the plaintiff are true, the plaintiff has not demonstrated that the defendant did anything wrong legally. Other types of lawsuits are civil lawsuits. This is an expanded category that includes everything from breach of contract or bodily injury lawsuits, divorce proceedings, child custody cases, and lawsuits against government officials and agencies. Almost every time a person raises a case involving animals – as opposed to an animal lawsuit by the government, such as when a person is charged with animal cruelty – it is a civil lawsuit. A person designated in a Chapter 7 case to represent the interests of the bankruptcy estate and creditors. The duties of the trustee include the examination of the debtor`s application and annexes, the liquidation of the assets of the estate and the distribution to creditors. The trustee may also bring actions against creditors or the debtor to recover assets from the bankruptcy estate. The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case.